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Rosetta Stone - Artifacts Unlocked

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1799 - During Napoleon’s campaign into Egypt, one of his officers discovers an unusual stone in the masonry of Fort Julien. Further inspection reveals that the granite slab contains ancient bilingual inscriptions and may offer the potential to decipher the untranslated hieroglyphic language. It becomes known as the Rosetta Stone and despite the conflict in Egypt, lithographic copies and plaster casts are sent to scholars throughout Europe. Research reveals that the Rosetta Stone is inscribed with three versions of a decree issued at Memphis, Egypt in 196 BCE by King Ptolemy V. The two versions near the top are in Ancient Egyptian using hieroglyphic and demotic script; the bottom version is in Ancient Greek. Because Ancient Greek was a known language, the Rosetta Stone proved to be the key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs. The Rosetta Stone has been on continuous display at the British Museum since 1802.

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